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Toledo: The Multicultural Challenges of Medieval Spain







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To request A Sourcebook To Accompany Humanities West’s "Toledo: The Multicultural Challenges of Medieval Spain" please .

Download The Place of Toledo in Spanish History by Teofilo Ruiz (pdf document)

Download The Limits and Pitfalls of Convivencia by Teofilo Ruiz (pdf document)


Suggested Reading and Resources

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Short Resource List
Compiled by Chuck Sieloff

Chris Lowney's A Vanished World: Muslims, Christians, and Jews in Medieval Spain (2006, 320pp) focuses on the messy reality of a multicultural society in which the pragmatic need to coexist goes hand-in-hand with factionalism, political fragmentation, and ever-shifting alliances that often crossed cultural boundaries. Maria Rosa Menocal gives a somewhat more idealized and romanticized view of "convivencia" in The Ornament of the World: How Muslims, Jews and Christians Created a Culture of Tolerance in Medieval Spain (2003, 352pp, available in Kindle format). Menocal also co-authored (with Jerrilynn D. Dodds and Abigail Krasner Balbale) an award-winning study of cross-cultural influences in Castillian art, architecture, and literature: The Arts of Intimacy: Christians, Jews, and Muslims in the Making of Castillian Culture (2009, 416pp). The book, which focuses on Toledo, is lavishly illustrated and includes a 64-page bibliographic essay and a detailed chronology. Teofilo Ruiz, a featured speaker at the program, has created a Teaching Company video course, The Other 1492: Ferdinand, Isabella, and the Making of an Empire (12 half-hour lectures) which provides excellent historical background and context, although its emphasis is on the transition from medieval Iberia to modern Spain, rather than on the long period of Muslim/Christian/Jewish coexistence.

In Depth Resource List
Contributed by Kerrin Meis, Mary Elizabeth Perry, and Deborah Loft [notes by Kerrin Meis]

Andrade, J.M. Pita. Treasures of Spain: From Altamira to the Catholic Kings. Geneva, 1967. [adequate text and gorgeous illustrations].

Baer, Yitzhak. A History of the Jews in Christian Spain. Philadelphia, 1966. [Long (2 volumes) but essential in balancing the rosy-colored picture painted by many authors].

Barral y Altet, Xavier, ed. Art and Architecture of Spain. New York, 1998. [a huge volume, chapters written by several scholars, mostly excellent].

Brown, Jonathan, et al. El Greco of Toledo. Toledo Museum of Art/ New York Graphic Society. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1982.

---, ed. Figures of Thought: El Greco as Interpreter of History Tradition, and Ideas, vol. 11 in Studies in the History of Art, Washington: National Gallery of Art, 1982.

---. The Golden Age of Painting in Spain. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1991.

--- and Richard G. Mann. Spanish Paintings of the Fifteenth through Nineteenth Centuries. Washington, D.C: National Gallery of Art, Cambridge University Press, 1990.

Dandraki, Anastasia, ed. Origins of El Greco: Icon Paintings in Venetian Crete. Onassis Foundation, 2009.

Davies, David, and John H. Elliott. El Greco: Essays. National Gallery, London; Yale University Press, distributors, 2003.

Dodds, Jerrilyn, ed. Al-Andalus: The Art of Islamic Spain.exh. cat. Metropolitan Museum, 1992.

---, Maria Rosa Menocal, et al. The Arts of Intimacy: Christians, Jews and Muslims in the Making of Castilian Culture (Council of Foreign Relations Book Series), 2009.
[Book selection for book discussion on March 2 at Commonwealth Club. RSVP here.]

---. Architecture and Ideology in Early Medieval Spain. London, 1990.

Elliott, John H. Imperial Spain: 1469-1716. London, 1963. [still the best general history of Spain in the late middle ages and the early modern period].

Fink De Backer, Stephanie. ―Constructing Convents in Sixteenth-Century Castile: Toledan Widows and Patterns of Patronage,‖ in Widowhood and Visual Culture in Early Modern Europe . ed. Allison Levy. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2003, 177-194.

Fletcher, Richard. Moorish Spain. New York, 1992.

Hintzen-Bohlen, Brigitte. Art and Architecture; Andalusia. Cologne, 1999. [comprehensive, highly readable and well-illustrated].

"Historical Maps - Perry-Castañeda Map Collection - UT Library Online." University of Texas Libraries. Web. 29 Nov. 2010.

Jacobs, Michael. The Road to Santiago de Compostela. Chronicle Books, 1991. [One of the excellent Architectural Guides for Travelers. A good description of just about all the buildings on the route as well as a thorough description of the Romanesque/Baroque Cathedral itself].

Kamen, Henry. Inquisition and Society in Spain in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries. Baltimore, 1974.

Lopera, José Alvarez, ed. El Greco: Identity and Transformation: Crete, Italy, Spain. Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza; Abbeville Publishing Group, distributors, 1999.

Lopez Torrijos, Rosa. Mythology and History in the Great Paintings of the Prado. London, 1998.

Lowney, Chris. A Vanished World. Medieval Spain’s Golden Age of Enlightenment. New York, 2005. [a rather romantic view of the so-called ―Convivencia written in a lively and accessible style].

Mann, Richard G. El Greco and His Patrons. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986.
Mann, Vivian, ed. Convivencia : Jews, Muslims, and Christians in Medieval Spain. exh. cat. Jewish Museum, New York, 1992.

Martz, Linda. Poverty and Welfare in Habsburg Spain: The Example of Toledo. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983.

Martz, Linda. A Network of Converso Families in Early Modern Toledo: Assimilating a Minority. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2003.

"Medieval Sourcebook: Maps." FORDHAM.EDU. Ed. Paul Halsall. 27 Mar. 2007. Web. 29 Nov. 2010. .

Meek, H. A. The Synagogue. London: Phaedon Press, 1995. [Especially Chapter 5: ―The Islamic Symbiosis].

Menocal, Maria Rosa. The Ornament of the World: How Muslims, Jews and Christians Created a Culture of Tolerance in Medieval Spain. Little Brown, 2002.
[book selection for January 19 book discussion at Commonwealth Club. RSVP here.]

Panagiotakes, Nikolaos (tr. John C. Davis). El Greco: The Cretan Years. Burlington, Vermont: Ashgate, 2009.

Perry, Mary Elizabeth. Crime and Society in Early Modern Seville. UPNE, 1980.

---. Gender and Disorder in Early Modern Seville, tr. and published in Spain as Ni espada rota, ni mujer que trota. Princeton University Press, 1990.

---. The Handless Maiden: Moriscos and the Politics of Religion. Princeton University Press, 2005, paperback, 2007.

---. With Anne J. Cruz. Culture and Control in Counter Reformation Spain. University of Minnesota Press, 1992.

---. With Ann J. Cruz. Cultural Encounters: The Impact of the Inquisition in Spain and the New World. Publications of the UCLA Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, 1991.

Ruiz, Teo. The City and the Realm: Burgos and Castile in the Late Middle Ages. London: Variorum Reprints, 1992.

---. Crisis and Continuity: Land and Town in Late Medieval Castile. Philadelphia: University of
Pennsylvania Press: 1994.

---. From Heaven to Earth: The Reordering of Castilian Society, 1150-1350. Princeton U. Press, 2004.

---. Medieval Europe and the World (with Robin Winks). Oxford, 2005.

---. Spain, 1300-1469. Centuries of Crises. Oxford: Blackwell Press, 2007.

---. Spanish Society, 1400-1600 (Longman, 2001).

Schroth, Sarah, and Ronni Baer. El Greco to Velazquez: Art During the Reign of Philip III. Boston Museum of Fine Arts Publications, D.A.P. distributors, 2008.

Serraller, Francisco Calvo, El Greco: The Burial of Count Orgaz. (Spanish edition, 1994). London: Thames and Hudson, 1995.

Tomlinson, Janis, From El Greco to Goya: Painting in Spain, 1561-1828. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1997.





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